ENACTMENT NO. 5 OF 2003 SYARIAH COURT EVIDENCE (STATE OF SELANGOR) ENACTMENT 2003
PART II - PROOF CHAPTER 2 - ORAL EVIDENCE
Section 47. Oral evidence must be direct.
(1) Oral evidence shall in all cases whatever be direct, that it to say-
(a) if it refers to fact which could be seen, it must be the evidence of a witness who says he saw it;
(b) if it refers to a fact which could be heard, it must be the evidence of a witness who says he heard it;
(c) if it refers to a fact which could be perceived by any other sense or in any other manner, it must be the evidence of a witness who says he perceived it by that sense or in that manner;
(d) if it refers to an opinion or to the grounds on which that opinion is held, it must be the evidence of the person who holds that opinion on those grounds.
(2) The opinions of experts expressed in any treatise commonly offered for sale and the grounds on which such opinions are held may be proved by the productions of the treatise.
(3) If oral evidence refers to the existence or condition of any material, thing including a document, the Court may, if it thinks fit, require the production of that material thing or the document for its inspection.